P5 Respiratory System (Concept Map)
Primary 5 Science — Concept Map
Created by Miss Clarissa Ng · www.clartutors.com
Respiratory System
gaseous exchange between the surroundings and the body
breathing vs respiration
Breathing (physical)inhaling and exhaling in the lungs
Respiration (chemical)every cell breaks down glucose to release energy
the human system
Nose → windpipe → lungsnose warms, cleans and moistens air · windpipe carries it
Air sacs + blood vesselsincrease exposed surface area → gaseous exchange faster
Diaphragmnot part of the system · helps in breathing
inhaled vs exhaled air
Exhaled air: less oxygen · more carbon dioxide · more water vapour · warmer · cleaner
More carbon dioxide outbreathed-out air has more carbon dioxide
More water vapour outbreathed-out air has more water vapour
Nitrogen is unchangednitrogen is the same going in and coming out
other living things
Fish — gillsdissolved oxygen from water · gill filaments
Plants — stomataday: photosynthesis · night: respiration only
parts
Diaphragm helpsan elastic sheet of muscle below the lungs
Air is cleaned and warmedwarm, clean and moist after the nose
Tiny hairs trap dusttiny hairs in the nose trap dirt and dust
inside the lungs
Air sacs add surface areaThe air sacs increase the exposed surface area of the lungs.
Wrapped in blood vesselsThe air sacs are surrounded by many tiny blood vessels.
Oxygen goes everywherethe blood carries oxygen to all parts of the body
breathing rate
Breaths per minutethe number of breaths taken in one minute
Exercise speeds it uprate and depth increase in vigorous activities
Why it speeds upOur body needs more energy, so we breathe faster and deeper.
More energy needed → breathe faster → more oxygen → greater rate of respiration → more energy released, carbon dioxide removed faster